Country benchmarking (EUDR)
EUDR country benchmarking is the Commission's classification of countries or parts of countries as low, standard or high risk of producing non-deforestation-free commodities, under Article 29. The first list was adopted by Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 and can be updated.
Also known as: country risk classification · benchmarking system · Article 29 · simplified due diligence
Why does it matter?
The classification affects due diligence and enforcement under the EUDR:
- Low risk: simplified due diligence under Article 13, and eligibility for the micro or small primary operator regime.
- Standard risk: full due diligence; the amended Article 16 requires annual checks covering at least 3% of relevant operators, non-SME downstream operators and non-SME traders.
- High risk: full due diligence and enhanced checks.
How are countries classified?
Article 29 bases the assessment primarily on the rate of deforestation and forest degradation, the rate of agricultural expansion for relevant commodities, and production trends. It may also consider national laws and enforcement, data transparency, rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, agreements with the EU and sanctions. All countries started at standard risk on 29 June 2023.
Common pitfalls
- Assuming low risk means no work. Operators must still collect geolocation and legality information, and assess the risk of mixing with products from higher-risk origins.
- Assuming standard risk makes compliance impossible. It requires a full risk assessment, which plot-level data can support.
- Missing sub-national classifications, since parts of countries can be classified.
Check the current classification before designing a sourcing programme.
Frequently asked questions
What changes for low-risk countries?
Operators can apply simplified due diligence (Article 13): they still collect information and file statements, but need not carry out risk assessment and mitigation unless information points to a risk. Competent authorities also check a smaller share of operators.
Where can I find the current list?
The list is set by implementing act and reviewed as necessary. Consult the latest version of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093 and its amendments on EUR-Lex.
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